International Contracts

Culture and Contracts for International Lawyers

Lawyers working in international law oftentimes interpret, review, and advise their clients on contracts written by other international lawyers in foreign countries. Considering the great possibility for legal, linguistic, and cultural misinterpretations, it is important for international lawyers to become familiar with the types of contractual clauses that they see in such diverse contexts.
In understanding the commonly used clauses in contracts drafted by lawyers in other countries, international lawyers will be better prepared to explain to their clients the consequences and implications of contract language written according to the laws and customs of other countries. International lawyers may do work with clients and their legal representatives across the world. However, the purpose of this article is to help guide those lawyers practicing outside of the U.S. toward understanding the common clauses used in contracts written by U.S. lawyers.

Common situation

The international-contract scenario is easy to identify. It begins with a party in Mexico, for example, who contracts with another party in Germany. Or it starts with a Spanish company wishing to employ a French agent to work in Spain. While the parties negotiate the contract terms, one party's lawyer may, in the end, write most of the contract due to the difference in the bargaining positions of the parties. The party whose lawyer drafts most of the contract has the advantage of including certain clauses with legal concepts that may be unknown to lawyers not practicing in that country. To avoid this situation of allowing unfavorable contract terms into a business deal, international lawyers should become familiar with - to the extent time and circumstances permit - the country's laws and customs where the other contracting party resides.
An understanding of the typical contractual clauses used in the U.S. legal system is beneficial to those international lawyers whose clients contract with parties represented by U.S. lawyers. Because the U.S. legal system is based on the common law (judge-made law), typical contractual clauses encompass legal concepts of well-developed case law of which international lawyers may not be aware. The following paragraph and examples provide the basic background about the standard terms and conditions clauses normally included in many contracts drafted by U.S. lawyers.

Standard terms and conditions

A contract contains the standard contractual clauses and performance deliverables to which both parties agree. While the performance deliverables section of a contract provides the parties with general ideas of expectations, the standard terms and conditions section of a contract is just as important. Signing the contract binds a party to the common contractual clauses as much as it does to the performance deliverables clauses. In summary, the standard terms and conditions section may contain just as many or more calls to action as the performance expectations. Therefore, while a French agent contracted to do work in Spain may be more aware of his or her duties to carry out performance, the standard terms and conditions that also bind the agent are critical to the agent's understanding of how to perform. This is because standard terms and conditions clauses in U.S. contracts generally lay the legal framework for how to interpret the contract, which law applies, dispute resolution options, etc.
The clauses contained in the standard terms and conditions section consist primarily of those clauses the parties include to protect themselves in case of breach of contract or potential litigation over contract terms or circumstances. A breach of contract may result, for example, from a breakdown in the parties' relationship or a misunderstanding about performance or enforceable promises. To assist international lawyers with identifying and understanding common contract clauses to prevent a breach of contract for their clients, listed below are some of the typical contract clauses normally contained in a standard terms and conditions section of contracts. This list is not exhaustive, but it does contain some of the more commonly included contract clauses in the U.S. legal system.
Commonly called: Merger/entire agreement/complete agreement clause
Effect: This clause indicates to the reader that the parties have no agreement other than the agreement containing the merger clause. A merger clause pronounces an agreement's completeness and restricts other prior agreements from consideration when determining the contract's terms. The function of the merger clause is to keep out any "side conversations" when determining the parties' intent captured in the contract at issue. The effect of this clause is that one agreement only governs the parties' relationship.
Example: "This agreement represents the parties' entire agreement."
Commonly called: Modification clause
Effect: This clause generally requests that two contracting parties memorialize their modification in a writing that both sign. Important to the modification clause and its effect is the general rule that contract modifications typically require new consideration. Consideration is a common-law concept that refers to a bargained-for exchange. However, some types of contracts may not require new consideration for modification, so it is important to check (1) the type of contract and (2) the laws in the jurisdiction governing the contract. While the consideration issue may be more complex, a modification clause simply requests that amendments to the contract be in a signed writing. This writing requirement of the clause encourages the parties to negotiate any modifications before reducing their changes to writing and obtain a similar and clear understanding of what will be modified before any change occurs. However, oral modifications - despite what a contract says - may be effective depending on the U.S. jurisdiction.
Example: "The parties may modify the contract only by an agreement in writing signed by both parties."
Commonly called: Employee or independent contractor clause
Effect: In a contract for services, this clause identifies whether one of the parties will be considered an employee or independent contractor. The greatest difference is that employers are responsible for certain financial and liability matters for employees, where those who hire independent contractors are not responsible for the same matters. In summary, an employee means more employer control but also more employer liability.
Example: "Mr. X will act only as an independent contractor for the ABC corporation. Mr. X is NOT considered an employee of the ABC corporation for the purpose of this contract for services."
Commonly called:Confidentiality clause
Effect: A confidentiality clause or agreement defines what confidential information is, who must keep it private, and what the consequences of disclosure are. Confidentiality clauses may have exceptions relating to publicly known information or where the other contracting party consents to the disclosure of otherwise confidential information.
Example: "Mr. X, independent contractor, will not disclose confidential information obtained through Mr. X's scope of services for ABC corporation."
Commonly called: Conflict of interest clause
Effect: A conflict of interest clause restricts a contracting party from engaging in relationships, transactions, or circumstances external to the contract at issue. The purpose of the clause is to prevent a conflict of interest from arising between the contracting parties. A conflict of interest issue may arise due to a party's personal situation or position.
Example: "Contractor has disclosed any interest that presents or may present a conflict of interest. Contractor will disclose any actual, apparent, or potential conflict of interest that arises throughout the term of the parties' contractual relationship."
Commonly called: Choice of law clause
Effect: A choice of law clause identifies where the contracting parties prefer to litigate issues arising from the contract. Usually, the party who drafts the contract chooses the applicable law. Other jurisdictional issues may become relevant in the future if litigation arises.
Example: "The laws of the State of Delaware will govern this contract."
Commonly called: Dispute resolution clause (commonly involving arbitration and waiver of jury trial)
Effect: These clauses tell the reader whether either party has waived some type of dispute resolution option. A contracting party may want the other party to opt out of certain dispute resolution options in light of likely costs and inconveniences.
Example: "ABC corporation agrees to resolve all matters arising from this contract through arbitration."
Commonly called: Severance clause
Effect: This clause refers to the situation where a court determines that part of the contract is illegal or unenforceable. The clause states that in this case, the validity of the remaining portions of the contract is unaffected.
Example: "If any of the provisions of this agreement contravene or are invalid under state or federal laws, this finding will not invalidate the whole agreement."
Commonly called: Indemnification clause
Effect: This clause states that one contracting party will indemnify (reimburse) the other for failure to meet a contractual obligation or other illegal or damage-causing action.
Example: "ABC corporation shall indemnify, defend, and hold DEF corporation harmless from any and all liabilities, damages, penalties, claims and expenses (including defense and settlement costs) resulting from any breach of this agreement."
Conclusion
This article clarifies some of the most common clauses found in the standard terms and conditions section of a contract drafted by a U.S. lawyer. While the explanations and examples of the clauses are generally consistent across a wide variety of U.S. contracts, these clauses vary depending on the U.S. jurisdiction in which the drafting lawyer is licensed or the interests of the party drafting the clause. As a result, international lawyers should carefully read and assess the standard terms and conditions of the contracts that guide their clients' contractual obligations. Even if U.S. law does not govern the contract at issue, understanding and recognizing common U.S. contract clauses will allow international lawyers to better help clients to perform on contracts in a way that does not offend U.S. cultural notions of compliance and fairness.
In understanding contractual clauses common to any particular legal system, both international lawyers and clients will be more prepared to fulfill contractual obligations and maintain healthy international business interests and relations.
Melanie Glover & Marina Bugallal

Marina Bugallal
Partner of Mariscal & Asociados Abogados, Ms. Bugallal graduated in Law at the University San Pablo CEU, with a specialisation in EC Law.
After collaborating with the London-based Sinclair Roche & Temperley firm in 1995, she joined Mariscal's team in 1996.
Ms. Bugallal is a specialist in handling international projects. She has a large experience in insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings, including assistance in Spain related to foreign bankruptcy proceedings, as well as representation of foreign creditors before Spanish companies in insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings. In 2005, she participated in the Aliter Master by teaching the course on the legal aspects of investments in China. Her legal articles are published on a regular basis in several financial and specialised journals.
She is also the President of Eurojuris España, a Spanish network integrated into Eurojuris International (the first network of European law firms).
E-mail: mbugallal@mariscal-abogados.com
http://spanishlawyers.mariscal-abogados.com/

Bankruptcy: What and Why

It is a word that everyone has heard and shudders to consider. But what actually happens and what it actually is are largely undefined in the public mind. To relieve some of that anxiety, here is an overview of the types of bankruptcy and how they can potentially help your situation.
Bankruptcy exists as two types: the first requires individuals to sell their assets in order to pay the debt and the second requires individuals to make payments, without the sale of assets, over the course of a specified period of time to pay off the debt.
The first type of bankruptcy is known as a Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Filed either by individuals or businesses there are four criteria that must be met in order to file. The first criterion is that income must be at or below the median monthly income for your particular area. If your income is above the median, the second criterion is that you must calculate whether you have sufficient disposable income to repay unsecured debts over a five year period by subtracting the allowed expenses and required payments from your monthly income. The third criterion is that if you have filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy in the last eight years or Chapter 13 bankruptcy in the last six years you cannot file for bankruptcy again.And the fourth criterion is that if a previous bankruptcy case, either Chapter 7 or Chapter 13, was dismissed within the last 180 days because you violated a court order, your filing was fraudulent, or you requested the dismissal, you cannot file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy.
The second type of bankruptcy is referred to as Chapter 13 bankruptcy. In order to file for Chapter 13, you must have a reliable source of income. This is required because in order to file you must submit a repayment plan that will have all of your debts paid off within three to five years. The amount to be repaid during that time is determined based on income and the amount of debt. However, there are limits to how much debt you can have. In order to file Chapter 13 you may not exceed $1,010,650 in secured debt and $336,900 in unsecured debt. For secured debts, where a possession is the direct object of the debt such as a car as the object of a car loan, Chapter 13 allows you to make up missed payments by incorporating them into your repayment plan.
The question of whether or not to file for bankruptcy boils down to whether or not the type of debt you have will be benefited by doing so. If you have credit card or similar unsecured debt, meaning the creditor does not have your property as collateral, then bankruptcy will most likely be very helpful in eliminating it, or at least getting rid of the majority of it. In fact, that is what it was designed to do. If you have debts like these, bankruptcy usually allows you to clear those debts in order to focus on the debts that it will not erase.
The types of debts that bankruptcy will not erase are tax debts, student loans, any court ordered payments like alimony or child support, and any secured debts where the creditor does have the right to repossess your property for failure to pay. After you file bankruptcy, all of these debts will remain. The court ordered payments must be factored into your repayment plan under Chapter 13. Student loans and tax debt are possible to be discharged, but only under extremely rare circumstances and only if you fulfill extremely difficult to prove criteria.

No two bankruptcy cases are the same. With that in mind you should always consult a licensed attorney before making any decisions regarding filing for bankruptcy, but this information will give you a place to start when determining whether or not you should consider the possibility that bankruptcy may be in your best interest.

My Bicycle Accident - A Detailed Account Of a Woman Who Didn't Care

It was Monday at 6:05 p.m. when I was finishing up the last leg of my bicycle ride. It was 54 degrees outside and was raining intermittently. Nevertheless, I needed to go for a ride, knowing that I would be safe and careful during the entire trip.
All went well for the majority of the ride. I traveled through Kings Point where the trees were in bloom. The rain drops were hitting my day-glo bright orange bicycle pants. The wind was rejuvenating through my bicycle helmet ventilation system. The excitement of pushing two pedals up and down repeatedly was invigorating. The scenery was magnificent despite the cloudy, overcast and slightly cool day. Being an experienced bike rider I can tell when it's a good day for biking and when it's not. Today, despite the minimal weather, it was still a good day for a short ride. Little did I know what awaited me as I headed back through the center of town into Great Neck.
As I pedaled South on Middle Neck Road, the main strip of road through the center of Great Neck, I marveled at the number of stores that opened like the blooming tulips this Spring, and shortly thereafter wither away and close for lack of steady business. Middle Neck Road is a street usually teeming with car traffic, especially during rush hour at 6:00 p.m. In most parts of Great Neck it's a two lane road with two lanes of traffic in each direction. At some points the street narrows and only can accommodate one lane of traffic in each direction. The entire length of Middle Neck Road is extremely commercialized and parked cars can always be found on both sides of the street at parking meters.
I had just passed Cedar Drive near the police station. I was heading straight intending to go to the Chinese restaurant to pick up dinner for my family, only two blocks away. When I ride in the street, I always ride with traffic, as I'm supposed to do, and as close to the parked cars as possible, to avoid the traffic in the street. I was pedaling at 12 miles per hour with excellent visibility on a slight upgrade. There were no cars behind me as I entered the main section of town. Nor were there any cars pulling out of their parking spot.
In a split second, right in front of me, I saw an arm fling open the driver's side door of a parked Toyota. The woman who threw open the door never looked behind her to see if anyone was there. Had I been driving a car, I would have effortlessly torn off her driver's door and seriously injured the woman whose arm had just carelessly flung open fully the driver's door. Unfortunately for me, I wasn't in my car. I was on my bike. The momentum of the moving door together with the impact of the edge of the car door with my right leg and was devastating. The door opened directly in my path. I had nowhere to go. The car door flung out so quickly that it threw me and my bike directly into the center of the road. My forward momentum was no longer straight. Instead, I was now diverted with extreme force right into the middle of traffic of an extremely busy road. My bike, which until that moment had been able to propel me down many a street at comfortable speeds ranging between 15 to 30 miles per hour, now became suddenly immobile.
As with any accident, when you stop a moving vehicle suddenly, the people inside the car or train or bike still continue to move forward at the speed at which they were traveling at the moment of impact. When that person comes into contact with a fixed immovable object, that's when injury occurs.
My bike stopped still. I didn't. I went flying over the handlebars with no place to go but forward and down. My arms flew out in front of me to brace the impact with the ground. Only days later did I remember that you are never supposed to put your hands or arms out in front of you to break your fall, because that results in fractured wrists, and arms. Instead, bike riders going over the handlebars are reminded to try and roll with their momentum and roll over, like a tumble-salt you did when you were a kid (without hitting or bending your head or neck). The problem is that when you're in the middle of a shattering impact between steel, metal and glass, you have no time to think about what you're supposed to be doing, only why you're now lying on the ground in the middle of the street that cars are currently using.
Luckily for me there were no cars directly behind me. If there were, I probably wouldn't be writing this account of what happened to me, rather one of the obituary reporters probably would. I didn't hit my head, nor did I lose consciousness. I do remember very clearly letting out loud screams of curses directed mostly toward the middle aged woman who had opened her car door without the slightest of cares. I didn't notice it immediately, but there were two women who witnessed the collision of the car door with my moving form. The look of shock on their faces told volumes about what they just saw, without either of them saying a word. One woman proclaimed "Oh my God! I've never seen anything like that! You just flew over your bike when she hit you with her car door." The woman who opened her car door, to her minimal credit, immediately came over and apologized profusely, not once but multiple times. I got up from the street within moments and began limping horribly to the sidewalk where I tried to gather my wits and see if all of my bodily parts were still attached. They were. But I noticed immediately burning and stinging in various parts of my body including my right leg, both my arms, and my left shoulder. What made matters even worse was that I was trying to convince myself that despite this impact I was totally fine even though it was obvious to everyone at the scene that I couldn't walk very well. I happened to glance toward the street while taking stock of body, that I noticed my bike was smack in the center of the road, blocking all traffic in the southbound lane. I hobbled over to my bike and gingerly carried it to the sidewalk.
To a biker, a trusty bike is worthy of trust and respect. It gets you from point A to point B with little or no problem. If properly maintained it will take you places you've only dreamed of. A broken bike can probably be as upsetting to a biker as their own physical injuries. In any event, it's just a bike, and like every material item we own, can eventually be replaced. We, as people, cannot.
Both witnesses volunteered to call an ambulance or the police (the station was literally 30 yards away). I declined, still opting to convince myself that I was alright. My hands moved, I was conscious, I could feel and I could talk. I knew I was bruised and banged up, but didn't feel I broke anything major. My right thigh, also known as the femur- the longest and strongest bone in our bodies, didn't act or feel as if it was broken. I assumed that if it was broken, I wouldn't be able to walk at all and would be in excruciating pain. One of the witnesses suggested I see a doctor right away- good advice, but I still had to get dinner home to my family and still convince myself I was ok. This same witness also suggested I obtain the woman's insurance information in case I decided to file a claim. I now looked at the car for the first time. It was a red Toyota convertible, two-door. The woman with dirty blond hair hesitated and instead offered to pay me for my troubles right then and there. Still not being able to fully comprehend what was happening, I was about to open my mouth to let her know what I do for a living when the witness blurted out, "Oh no! Don't you let her get away with that! You might have some significant injury that you don't know about yet and by taking her money now you'd be doing a terrible thing." I looked from one woman to the next to the next. Three women in all. Two were witnesses, the other, the careless woman who caused me to be in a slightly perplexed state. I finally figured it out. She wanted to buy me off right there. She even asked to see my leg and asked me to roll up my pants. The other witness said "You're not a doctor, what good would that do?"
When I came to my senses, I finally told my audience what I do for a living. "I'm a personal injury and medical malpractice attorney," I said. The red Toyota woman dropped her mouth in shock. The eyewitness expressed shock as well. "Well how about that? You hit the worst person you could ever expect- a personal injury attorney." I collected the Toyota woman's information, then looked her straight in the eye and said "I could understand if this was my fault. But it wasn't. You never looked to see if anyone was behind you when you opened your g*damned door. If you had, you'd have seen me and waited for a moment until I passed you." With that, she again apologized, got into her car and drove away, forgetting about whatever it was that she had gotten out of the car to do in the first place.
There is a book called The Kindness of Strangers that my wife has on her shelf that I never bothered to read. I mention it only to contrast my years as a trial attorney representing tragically injured people where I never truly appreciated what happens to a person at an accident scene. The eyewitness, who turned out to advocate for my well- being offered to take me and my broken bike home, without knowing anything about me, or even where I lived. Even more impressive was that she insisted that we stop at the Chinese restaurant to pick up the dinner my family so eagerly awaited. Finished with that task, this stranger deposited my bruised and injured body to my front door, Chinese food in hand and my bike huddled in the corner without a second thought. All I could say was "Thank you so much for your kindness." Without another word she drove out of my driveway, back to her daily activities while I walked in the front door with a sense of foreboding knowing that my large family would start assaulting me with questions the moment I told them what had happened.
After recounting in detail the events that had just transpired, I showered and hobbled my way downstairs to partake in the Chinese food I had just picked up. I knew that later and even the next few days, I'd feel every bump and bruise where previously I was healthy. Looking back on this moment in time, I can only be thankful that I wasn't seriously hurt. I will live for another day and long to see the sunrise and the sunset. I was fortunate today and recognize that when we're injured, it's not what we have left that matters, but really what has been taken away from us that is most important. That's the true element of damages.
Thanks for being a captive audience.

Gerry Oginski is a personal injury accident attorney who practices exclusively in the State of New York. This account is totally true and happend to Gerry while he was riding his bike earlier this week. He has represented bicyclists injured in accidents with cars and pedestrians. He handles cases involving car accidents, trip and falls, dog bite cases and medical malpractice cases. His practice takes him to all five boroughs in the Greater New York area including the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan and Staten Island and Nassau & Suffolk counties.
Take a look at Gerry's website to learn more about accident and injury law. Free special reports and over 200 frequently asked questions and answers to legal questions about accidents and lawsuits. We've had thousands of hits each month. I guarantee there's something there for you. http://www.oginski-law.com 516-487-8207
Also, take a look at Gerry's FREE NY Medical Malpractice Video tutorials: http://medicalmalpracticetutorial.blogspot.com

New York Intestacy Law: What Happens to Your Assets If You Die Without a New York Will

Passing away without a Will is called dying 'intestate'. What happens to your property if you die intestate depends on your state's laws. The implications this can have on your loved ones varies among each jurisdiction. This article discusses the impacts of intestacy legislation in the state of New York.

The New York intestacy legislation is set forth in the New York consolidated statute estates, powers & trusts, article 4. The terms of the statute may seem bizarre to some, but unfortunately, many residents aren't aware of its terms.

When does my spouse receive the whole estate?

Under the statute, your spouse only receives the entire estate if you have no surviving issue (children, grandchildren, great-grandchildren and so on).

What happens if there are surviving descendants?

If there are any lineal descendants involved, your spouse's share is reduced. For example, if you die leaving behind two children, then your spouse only receives the first $50,000 plus half of the balance of your estate. The remainder is divided equally between your children. This is the case, even if your spouse is the parent of all your children.

The division of property under this statute can have a far-reaching impact on the family. How is your spouse going to provide for minor children if he/she needs to keep part of the property in a trust for them? Will the family home need to be sold to give the children or grandchildren their share? These are the very real problems which can arise from such a situation where one spouse dies without making a New York Will.

How much do grandchildren receive?

Unfairness can also arise where grandchildren are involved. The New York intestacy law provides that issue inherit by way of representation. This means that if a child has died, that child's children will inherit their parent's share equally.

This may be confusing, so here's an example:

Say you are a widowed grandparent. You have one surviving child and two deceased children (who left behind grandchildren: two grandsons from one and a granddaughter from your other deceased child). If you pass away without writing a New York Will, then your estate is divided into thirds (representing your 3 children). Your surviving child and granddaughter each receive one third. The two grandsons must share one third (because they take their parent's share).

This outcome would seem highly unfair to the two grandsons. Yet this is exactly what would happen if you did not specify your wishes in a properly drafted New York Will.

What can I do to avoid intestacy?

You need to make a valid Last Will and Testament which complies with the New York Will Requirements. Knowing and complying with the legal requirements of making a Will in your state is crucial.

This is because your Will must be submitted to the court for approval before any property can be distributed in accordance with it. If your Will is not accepted by the court, then you are deemed to have died intestate (unless you made an earlier Will which was not revoked and proves to be valid).

Even if your Will appears to comply with the requirements on the face of it, its validity can be contested by your relatives. This is why you should take the formalities very seriously. You should also have your Will self proved to add further authentication.

Having a Will can save your family from financial complications when you die. It's not a concern just for the elderly. You should make a Will as soon as you reach majority, but research your options thoroughly. If you don't know where to start, Newyorkwill.org provides an informative resource on wills and estates specifically for the state of New York.

For more information on probate, intestacy and New York Wills, visit http://newyorkwill.org/.

The Immigration and Nationality Act

The issue of immigration, nationalities, and employment of individuals in the United States can be a very divisive and intricate topic, especially during times of financial downturn and struggle. It is important for employers to be aware of the rules regarding the hiring of employees and the proper steps an employers should take to make sure that all employees are legally allowed to work in the U.S.

As long as an employee is legally allowed to work in the United States, it is important for employers to practice fair employment practices and not discriminate against individuals on the basis of nationality, race, gender or other reasons. It is essential to fairly assess potential employees and make sure that they are accurately judged on their qualifications, work history, and ability to perform the required duties of the employer.

The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) provides protection for individuals who are discriminated against as a result of their nationality. In addition, it has employment eligibility provisions and verification before hiring. If an employer fails to follow the regulations set forth by the INA, the company may face serious legal consequences, fines, and may even lose the right to continue to do business.

The INA sets forth the following requirements:

• Employers may not hire persons who are not legally allowed to work in the United States
• The identity and eligibility to work should be verified before an individual may be hired
• All hired employees must fill out I-9 Employment Eligibility Verification forms before the hire can be official
• Businesses should keep all I-9 forms on hand for at least three years, or at least one year after the person's employment ends

If an employer fails to follow the rules outlined by the Immigration and Nationality Act, they may face fines and punishment from regulatory agencies and may also face civil lawsuits if employees feel that they may have been discriminated against.

Persons who have been the victim of discrimination on the basis of nationality may choose to consult an experienced employment lawyer to discuss their legal options. If you have been the victim of discrimination in the workplace, you may be eligible for compensation from your employer for lost wages, unfair treatment, mental and emotional trauma, and other damages.

For more information on discrimination and nationality, visit the website of the San Antonio employment lawyers of Melton & Kumler, LLP.

Joseph Devine

How to Replace a Lost Green Card

If you are a foreigner with a Permanent Resident Card from the United States government which you have waited for so many years to claim, the worst thing that could happen to you is to wake up one day with three dreaded words: lost green card!

First, do not panic. Gather your wits and be smart enough to report the theft, lost or missing case of your card to the Police. This way, the Police and you will be alerted should there be attempts to misuse this important document. When all search efforts proved futile, face the reality that you really need to undergo to replacement procedure.

So, how to replace lost green card, you may ask? You are right in thinking that it can't be as hard as applying for a the first time, or renewing one that is due to expire. Yet still, it is a meticulous process that entails ample time and careful preparation on your end.

The primary document in applying for a green card replacement is the USCIS Form I90, which can be downloaded from the USCIS website. Application submissions could be the traditional drop-off to any USCIS district branch or through online (e-filing). The procedure works in much the same way as the standard renewal of a green card.

Not all cases of "lost" Green cards are subject to replacement applications. The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has laid down parameters on who can avail of the lost green card replacement procedure to protect against wanton replacement requests and instill the value of according proper care and safekeeping on a very important document like the Green card.

With the convenience of the Internet, replacement online is the preferred mode of renewal or replacement for most alien residents in the United States, whether they lost their card or really need to replace it with a new and updated Permanent Resident card.

If you are a holder of a Green card and you lost it while outside the United States, the nearest US Embassy or Consulate can help you in obtaining a replacement card by assisting you in your Form I90 filing appropriate to your situation.

Not only lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated is subject for replacement. The following cases are also eligible to apply for replacement:

A Green card with incorrect data printed on it; there are some important details like your name, status and other biographic data need to be changed legally if you got married and similar events; or a previously approved was not sent in the address you specified in the first application form.

Replacement is also called for if you need to replace your old Form AR-3, AR-103 or I-151. These forms may no longer support your current case and simply put, no longer valid. You need to use the appropriate form for Green card application matching your current status or situation.

To get help with your lost green card visit http://www.ImmigrationDirect.com.

3 Ways an Eb5 Attorney Can Help You

If you are considering entering the United States, it is best not to go through the process alone. Even if you bring family members, you will need someone who is experienced and knowledgeable about the eb5 visa process. In most cases, your best bet is an immigration lawyer, also known as an eb5 attorney. Get to know the ways one can help you in this sometimes arduous process.

1). You will need someone to explain the requirements to you. Though you might know the basics, if you want to ensure that you meet them all, an eb5 attorney can help. He or she will meet with you and walk you through the guidelines, which should help you decide if you want to commit to this immigration route or not. Once you agree to undergo the process, your hopefully positive relationship with your eb5 attorney can allow you to feel in good hands.

2). You can be coaxed through situations unfamiliar to you. If anyone tries to question your credibility or whether you meet the requirements, your immigration attorney can back you up. You might encounter some discrimination or even simple misunderstandings during the eb5 visa process, but your eb5 attorney can typically clear these up. In fact, in most cases, you will not even have to have contact with others involved in the process, at least not without your lawyer present.

3). No one likes paperwork. While of course you will have to sign several papers, you will have the benefit of your eb5 attorney explaining terms and contracts to you as you go along. Anything that does not have to be signed by you can likely be taken care of by your eb5 attorney. Even if you have to be present during this time, at least you will not be left alone to fill out form upon form before you realize your goal of living in the United States.

Having an immigration lawyer is not necessarily required, but because of the many steps involved in the eb5 visa program, it is certainly recommended. If you have an idea of where you want to live, you can find an eb5 attorney in that area. If you are more open, however, you can find a great one in any area across the country. You would then stay in that area under a temporary visa until your petition is approved and you can start working with your lawyer to get an immigrant visa. No matter which way you start, your eb5 attorney should help you every step of the way, from filing a petition to obtaining a full green card after two years.

For more information on the EB5 visa visit http://eb-5investorgreencard.com website for information on obtaining an EB-5 visa.

Laser Acne Treatments - The Real Truth

Many of us have suffered with acne and lately many of us have also looked at Laser Acne Treatments for curing stubborn acne. But is this a new and great advance that will help you get rid of acne or is it just another gimmick. I had to research a bit to find out.

History of Laser Acne Treatments
Lasers have been around since 1958 and have been used for many things besides treating acne. Lasers are being used for increasing blood flow and destroying stray cartilage in joints as well as eye surgery like Lasik. The first devices and studies for acne treatment with lasers occurred around 2002 or 2003 so this is a relatively new use of the technology.

What is Laser Acne Treatment
First of all there are two ways that you can use a laser to help acne prone skin, first there is the killing and getting rid of acne Using a single beam of light has two effects on your skin. It has a dual action where acne is concerned. First it kills the bacteria that are responsible for the outbreaks of acne. Next it also causes the sebaceous glands to shrink. The sebaceous glands are oil glands, which secrete oil to nourish the skin. This oil blocks the hair follicles and causes acne. Shrinking the oil glands causes decreased sebum production and decrease in acne outbreaks.

Also lasers can be sued to burn out or bleach discolorations in your skin. This is known as Laser acne scar treatment and is really a completely different cosmetic application of using lasers.

Does Laser Acne Treatment Work?
Some say yes and some say no. I have found a clinical study from 2003 at the University of Michigan that says no, it does not seem to work but in another study from Saratov State University just a year later 80% of the people that took part had a significant reduction in acne. Still another study at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine said that laser treatment was very effective for acne.

If you are serious about trying laser acne treatment it would probably be best to talk to your dermatologist. Remember There are many different treatments for acne and some work better than others depending on the type of acne that you have.

But of course do you know there is much more that you can do to get rid of your acne? I have written many articles as well as a review about Acne free in 3 days and comparisons to the Acne no more holistic acne treatment.

Consider a Company With Big Goals When Selecting Where to Put Your Investment Green Card to Work

If you wish to enter the United States and have the best chance at staying for good, the eb5 visa could be for you. Often referred to as the investment green card, this program requires a business plan, a $1 million investment, and the creation of at least ten jobs for U.S. citizens. If you have the requirements, consider using them at the Gulf Coast Funds Management Regional Center in Louisiana.

Since a regional center is always located in a location with particularly high unemployment, the investment required is reduced to $500,000. Gulf Coast Funds Management has projects in both Mississippi and Louisiana, which makes this center the largest in the United States. One benefit is that you do not have to move to this area or even visit it to participate in the investment green card process there. The center will also make sure you meet the requirement of hiring ten people, as officials will hire the people themselves so you do not have to be directly involved.

In fact, like most regional centers, you can choose your amount of involvement. If you want to move near the center and oversee operations, you can talk to the program managers about it. If you prefer to be less involved and live on the other side of the country, the management team pledges to keep all investors updated on what their money is going toward. The ultimate goal is to not only let you into the country with the investment green card, but to also help you turn a profit from your investment.

To start working with Gulf Coast Funds Management, you should talk to an immigration lawyer, who will help you get the process started. This company can recommend a lawyer if you do not know where to find one. You will need to prove that your money was legally obtained, and you will also need certain documents, including your birth certificate and passport. During the process, you will also need to have a medical exam, and pay a visa fee in addition to your $500,000 investment.

You can apply for a permanent green card two years after you have signed on with a regional center. You will need to show that you met all the requirements for the investment green card, such as creating at least ten jobs. Whether you go with the Gulf Coasts Funds Management team or another regional center, know that your selected center should help you with proving that you met the requirements.

This center's projects change from time to time. Currently, its main project involves building an automotive plant that specializes in cars that use less gas and release fewer emissions. The ultimate goal of this is to hire over 25,000 employees and see annual revenues of over $$30 billion. Clearly, there is a chance to make money off your investment with this center.

If this regional center does not interest you, there are plenty others to choose from. However, for most immigrants it is tempting to use the investment green card at such a center due to its lofty goals, which could help you make money with very little daily involvement. If you want to move to the U.S. and have a chance at making money from your initial investment while enjoying life away from the daily grind of work, you should consider the Gulf Coast Funds Management Regional Center.

For more information on the EB5 visa visit http://eb-5investorgreencard.com website for information on obtaining an EB-5 visa.

Use Your EB5 Investor Visa in a Troubled Area

Whether you're interested in moving to New Orleans or simply want to get into the United States and live anywhere, the New Orleans Regional Center is worth considering. Taking the eb5 investor route is a great way to move to the United States legally with the possibility of one day establishing yourself as a permanent resident. As long as you have the initial investment, you are likely eligible to choose from nearly anywhere in the U.S.

As you probably know, there is a lot of work to be done in New Orleans. The New Orleans Regional Center can give you the ability to help improve areas wrecked by Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita. The project at this center is called NobleOutReach, and specializes in investing in businesses along the Gulf Coast that have the potential to be profitable with a little work.

Since this center focuses on only fixing up businesses that could be profitable in the future, you stand to make some money as an eb5 investor here. Like any investment, profit is not guaranteed, but the New Orleans Regional Center agrees to put all its resources into making money for its investors. For this reason, only for-profit companies will be fixed up by this center. Basically, if this center succeeds, so does New Orleans, and vice versa.

The basis of this center ranges from launching new businesses that are likely to turn a profit in the future to rebuilding older companies. Like any regional center, it aims to both make a profit and also improve the job market in the city's surroundings, since the unemployment rate must be high in the area to even warrant a regional center. For the New Orleans Regional Center to be successful, it needs to improve the overall economic climate in its current location.

Your funds will be pooled with several other investors' so that both the risks and rewards are diversified. The New Orleans Regional Center will also help you prove to the United States Citizenship and Immigration Service that you have fulfilled the requirements. This includes creating at least ten jobs for U.S. citizens, which this center will take charge of for you.

In fact, you do not even have to live near this area to participate. If you prefer to live in California, Maine, or some other state far from Louisiana, you can do so. This center will keep you up-to-date on how your investment is doing. Considering that you can bring your family here, including children under age 21, this path provides you with plenty of time to enjoy life with your relatives without working a regular 9 to 5 job.

If living near the culturally diverse area of the Gulf of Mexico appeals to you, the New Orleans Regional Center is one you should check out. However, even if you don't wish to live in the area, you can still consider it as a place to use your eb5 investor visa since you can live anywhere and still participate. When selecting the best location for your investment, consider the center that strives to rebuild New Orleans.

For more information on the EB5 visa visit http://eb-5investorgreencard.com website for information on obtaining an EB-5 visa.

The Marriage Visa Cost - How Much Does it Truly Cost to Submit The K1 Fiance Visa Application?

This question might sound like it is easy to answer and straight forward, but there are many areas of this process that are not defined by the USCIS. These extra costs can get you into thousands of dollars more than what you originally expected. Let us look at a scenario.

1.??? You decide you want to meet a guy or girl from another country. Now the only way to get this guy or girl into the U.S.A is to marry them, so you take a look at the USCIS website and it tells you that you need to apply with the application called I-129F. The cost is below $1000.00 and you see no problem handling the application fee.

2.??? You proceed to a website to start talking to a few women or men. If you do the process right, the cost to speak to someone from a reputable website will cost you a monthly membership.

3.??? Now you finally decide that you want to meet someone and plan a trip to that country to meet. By the way this is part of the requirement of the USCIS. All couples must meet. Now you are in for some plane tickets, accommodation expenses, food and entertainment. If you are lucky, this trip will cost you just a little under $5000.00.

4.??? You are back from your trip you want to continue the on-going relationship. Keep in mind you will also need to spend a little money to document this relation for the USCIS. Cost to communicate is not expensive if you use email, but if you want to talk over the phone add another $50.00 to $100.00 on to your monthly budget. Save those call logs, they will come in handy with proving your on-going relation.

5. Eventually there will come a time when you want to to prepare for the K1 Visa Application. The supporting documentation and the back n forth sending of documents can get a bit costly. Plan to add another $300 - $500 to the submission costs of the Marriage Visa Application. No matter how prepared you are, there are going to be those little things that you will need to dish out a few dollars here and there to ensure a complete k1 fiance visa application.?

If you have heard that a person should have at least ten to twenty thousand dollars saved up before entering into an international relationship, this article just explained why.

If you were to ask me how much I think a person should make a year to consider starting an international relationship, I would recommend a yearly salary of no less than $60,000 a year.

Make sure you know what you are getting into before starting one of these relationships. It can be very disappointing for you and your potential fiance/fiancee if you really fall in love with someone and then can't afford to continue the relationship. Very few relationships need planning, but an international relationship with someone overseas should encompass a plan, patience and caution.??

Art Saborio is a specialist in both the "K1 Fiance Visa" and "Green Card Permanent US Immigrant Resident Adjustment of Status Process" for the fiance(e) immigrating to the U.S.A. He has written many exclusive articles on these subjects, as well as, articles on the relationship differences between an American Man and a Russian/Ukrainian Woman. His FREE "Exclusive Backstage Pass" to submitting the K1 Visa is now available. Check it out at http://www.k1visaexperts.com/k-1-marriage-visa.html.

Try Your Luck With United States Green Card Lottery Program

To live and work in United States is a dream of every aspiring professional. Every year, millions of people from all over the world apply for a Work Visa or a Green Card of United States, but very few of them are able to get a Work Visa or Green Cards.

United States Diversity Lottery Programs makes it easier for people to apply and get a Green Card. Almost everyone applying for a Green Cards is familiar with the Diversity Lottery program managed by United States Department of State. However, most of them think that only a lucky bunch of people can make it through DV lottery program and sit idle. They should know that most of the applications get rejected due to some minor issues or lack of essential things required at the time of making application.

This is well known fact that most of the applications are rejected at the very beginning. These issues that lead to rejection of applications can be handled easily with a little concentration and knowledge about the essential requirements and application process. If you are among those people who are trying to get United States Green Cards and somehow your application got rejected, then instead of cursing your fate, you should think of an alternate process like applying through Diversity Lottery Program.

There are several consulting agencies that help people in getting a Green Card through diversity lottery program. They guide you through the entire application process. Right from the commencement of DV Lottery, to the declaration of final results; these agencies help you at every step. They do not guarantee the confirmation of a Green Cards, but they assure you for guaranteed acceptance of your application to diversity lottery.

The services provided by agencies assisting in Green Cards Lottery Program are very customer friendly. They almost take all your burdens of Green Card lottery application process. In return, they charge you very less. This is worth the ease provided by them.

To get the benefits of services provided by such agencies, you just need to be eligible for a Green Card according to the basic rules of diversity lottery program. After then these agencies do all the work for you. Half the battle for United States Green Cards lottery is won, if your application is accepted. Rest depends upon your luck, because the winners of United States Green Card lottery program are declared through an automated computer program.

Why not you try your luck this year in Green Cards Lottery? You may end up with a Green Card in your hand promising a bright future for you and your coming generation.

Green Card Lottery Online Application Services - Enter US Green Card Lottery program online to win a US visa with USAFIS. For more information please visit: https://www.usafis.org.

Get Your Green Card Petition Approved By Immigration At Your Stokes Interview

As you may know, a Stokes Interview is scheduled by the USCIS to further probe the bona fides and legitimacy of the marital relationship. The interview is recorded, and husband and wife are examined separately, while the other is outside in the waiting room. At a recent immigration interview for a green card, the beneficiary haled from Egypt and was 19 years younger than the petitioner. These two factors played a major role in the original officer deciding to schedule a follow-up Stokes Interview.

At the stokes interview, the couple produced a wealth of documentation supporting the notion that they truly intended to live together when they entered the marital relationship. Perhaps most interesting (and most persuasive) was a newspaper article they submitted from a local newspaper that featured their new business which they opened together. The piece referred to the two as husband and wife, and included a picture of the two of them working at their business location.

The confidence exhibited by both petitioner and beneficiary during the course of their green card examination was impressive. Their answers indeed all matched except for some minor discrepancies, which even the immigration officer characterized as a "minor".

Rather than making the beneficiary wait to receive an approval notice in the mail, approximately 10 minutes after the conclusion of the examination the immigration officer issued a Notice of Approval of Relative Immigrant Visa Petition (Form I -171), causing the petitioner to become teary eyed with happiness and the beneficiary to beam with gratitude and relief, knowing that he will shortly be able to visit his family in Egypt as a new permanent resident of the United States.

Our office regularly represents such couples seeking immigration benefits. If you or someone you know can need help with their immigration matter, contact our office immediately.

This article supplies information about the law and legal processes designed to help readers deal with their own specific legal needs. However, legal information is not the same as legal advice, to wit, the application of the law to one's particular circumstances. While the author has taken care to make sure the information provided is accurate and useful, it is recommended you consult a lawyer if you need legal advice appropriate to your particular situation.

Douglas Rosenthal is an attorney in New York, New York,. He handles a variety of immigration, green card, and citizenship cases. Find out more about Douglas Rosenthal online at http://www.douglasrosenthal.com You can also reach him at 212-625-8300.

Apply Your EB-5 Visa Investment to a Regional Center With Breathtaking Surroundings

If you are interested in taking part in the EB-5 investment program, consider the Hawaii Regional Center. You probably don't need many reasons to think twice about living in Hawaii, but the gorgeous atmosphere and laid back lifestyle are only a couple of the reasons to move there. Making an EB-5 visa investment in this Regional Center provides many advantages.

The Hawaii Regional Center has been designated as such by the State of Hawaii's Department of Business, Economic Development and Tourism since 1995. The organization behind it the whole way has been CanAm Enterprises, which prides itself on combining several investors for this and other regional centers so that the project is always large in scale. Anyone involved in such projects will be considered part of a limited partnership, which means that you get a say in making policies for the project in most cases. No matter how involved you choose to be, CanAm abides by its promise to keep you updated on the status of the project for the life of the investment.

The investment minimum for any Regional Center is $500,000, which is a deal compared to the $1 million for the typical EB-5 visa investment. For this particular center, there is a $39,000 fee. This brings the total to $539,000, for which there is no investment guarantee, since part of any EB-5 visa program requires that there be some financial risk.

Despite the investment involved, such a program would allow you and your family to move to America within the next year. If you simply want to give the money to the company and then live elsewhere with no daily involvement in the project, this is possible. However, considering that all projects at the Hawaii Regional Center taker place on the six islands of the state, staying in the area is not such a bad idea.

Industries that this center's project focuses on vary. Agriculture, tourism, and health services are all common project options. Other industries include technology, transportation, film, alternative energy, higher education, trade and manufacturing, and leasehold improvement. Hawaii has tremendous opportunity for growth, partially due to the range of industries that are successful in the area. No matter your interests, you can find something at the Hawaii Regional Center fascinating.

If you decide that you no longer want to be involved in the program, you can move back to your country. If your family and children under 21 arrived in the United States with you, they can stay in the country and complete their education if they so desire. As long as you have the funds to make an initial investment of just over $500,000, and wish to live and work in the state of Hawaii, this center might be great for you.

For more information on the EB5 visa visit http://eb-5investorgreencard.com website for information on obtaining an EB-5 visa.

The Truth About Human Trafficking

Human trafficking is one of the fastest growing illegal industries in the world, with the Council of Europe attesting that it accounts for international revenue of $42.5 billion annually. But what is human trafficking? There are several different definitions, but the broadest and most general is the illegal movement of people. That is, moving human beings for the intent of anything ranging from forced labor to getting around immigration laws to prostitution. But because of the amount of money generated by the industry, and because of the long history of human trafficking, it will be very difficult to effectively combat the problem.

Immigration

Because many of the world's most prosperous countries have rather rigid immigration laws (for example, America's quota system), there is a big industry in circumventing these laws and bringing people into the country illegally. These human smugglers are able to charge high prices for their expertise, so the racket has become quite lucrative. Just as governments employ expert professionals to keep illegal immigrants out, illegal immigrants are now able to employ expert professionals to help them get in.

Forced Labor

Slavery is an enormous international business that requires human trafficking to operate. Forced labor is used extensively in the developing world, often in factories or for mass manual labor purposes. Human traffickers will often round up laborers either forcibly or through false promises of pay and benefits. To desperately impoverished and uneducated people, these promises are often tempting enough to take. Traffickers will usually move them across borders, where foreign companies keep them de facto enslaved.

Prostitution

"White slavery," as it is called, is one of the biggest money-makers under the human trafficking umbrella. According to research funded by the United States Government, nearly 80% of all people illegally trafficked across borders are women, about half of whom are minors, a high percentage of whom are made to submit to forced prostitution. Naturally, due to the illegal nature of white slavery, it is impossible to make an accurate estimate of the number of women and children forced into such a degrading life.

The criminals who run these prostitution rings usually have a front business such as a modeling or travel agency which they use to dupe unsuspecting women into trusting them. They are then moved to their new country and kept essentially enslaved to their employers. As difficult as it may be to believe, this happens even in the United States and other Western nations.

For more information about immigration and human trafficking, visit http://austin-immigration-lawyers.com

Joseph Devine

Test For Citizenship - Quickest Way to Get Your Canadian Citizenship

Every immigrant must write a test for citizenship. It is a requirement by the Government of Canada to make certain you know about this country. This makes a lot of sense as they are just ensuring that you know a lot about the place you call home and importantly you know about your rights and responsibilities as a Canadian.

Folks from all over the world come to Canada and live in one neighborhood, city or province. The work every day and spend little time learning about Canada. When they finally decide to become a citizen, a perfect opportunity presents itself for them to study Canada and its diversities. The test makes sure that every citizen accomplishes this knowledge.

After your application is processed you will be sent a booklet called "A look at Canada" which contains details of this country. Important facts such as rights and responsibilities, government and geography are captured and documented in details for you to study. Why? You will have to take a test for citizenship. After which if you pass you go on to take the oath and become a citizen.

The test for citizenship can be quite disappointing if you fail. No one expect you to but many have failed. The simple reason for this is because people often do not prepare themselves well prior to the test or didn't take time to study at all. Not to blame them for this disappointment but who knows, their personal situation might have been a factor.

It could be that they are working folks who are very busy at work, have kids or just don't have the time. This should not be an excuse but if this is the case there are quizzes, practice tests available to help you if you have little time to spare. You can use it in a bus, plane or at lunch hours. These quizzes or practice tests comes in different flavors. You can use it on a computer or simply print it out and take it anywhere with you.

Don't disappoint yourself. Seek help if you have to.

Try out a sample quiz today by clicking here now or to obtain a FREE copy of a computer test please visit us at http://www.canadacitizenshiptestonline.com

How to Avoid US Customs ISF Penalty

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) published in its CBP Bulletin mitigation guidelines for the Importer Security Filing ISF 10+2 program. According to the guidelines, there are potentially three situations for which liquidated damages may be issued:

- Inaccurate submission of an ISF: CBP will issue a liquidated damages case in the amount of $5,000.
- Late submission of an ISF: CBP will issue a liquidated damages case in the amount of $5,000.
- Failure to withdraw an ISF: CBP will issue a liquidated damages case in the amount of $5,000.

No liquidated damages will be assessed for the failure to file an ISF if no bond is in place. CBP will withhold the release or transfer of goods for which no ISF has been filed until all ISF information is received. CBP will also reserve the right to limit the permit to unlade goods for which no ISF has been filed and, if unladen, those goods may be subject to seizure.

In addition, a list of mitigating and aggravating factors has been published in the guidelines. Mitigating factors include:

- Evidence of progress in implementing ISF compliance during the phase-in period.
- A small number of violations compared to the number of ISFs.
- C-TPAT Tier 3 and Tier 2 importers will receive consideration of up to 50% mitigation for violations.
- The importer has demonstrated that remedial actions have been taken to address the circumstances surrounding the violation.
- Late ISF filings due to circumstances beyond the importer's control.
- Receiving incorrect information from another party or supply chain, if this information is found to be incorrect at a date later than allowed under the correction timeline.

Aggravating factors include:

- Lack of cooperation with CBP.
- Smuggling attempts and other actions contrary to law in association with the shipment.
- Multiple errors on one ISF.
- A rising error rate calculated over all ISFs.

The mitigation guidelines become effective July 17, 2009.

CBP has said that they do not plan to enforce the ISF penalty until early 2010. However, Importers are required to be in compliance to the Importer Security Filing regulations as soon as possible. Filing the Importer Security paperwork requires approved ISF software. There are many ISF software companies providing compliance applications. Not every software solution is the same. Each software company has different real-time features and collaboration capabilities. Be sure to be get an ISF software solution with RDV (Role Dependent View) technology and real-time visibility features.

Nick Matyas is the Vice President of Strategic Initiatives at Freightgate. Freightgate is the world's leading Logistics SaaS Software Solutions provider for global shippers, forwarders, carriers and supply chains. working to effectively manage the complex and demanding information flow in today's worldwide supply chain.

Freightgate's applied technological and industry-specific expertise ensures that you achieve and sustain competitive advantage. Contact Freightgate on the web at http://www.freightgate.com, email sales@freightgate.com or call (714) 799-2833.

US Green Card Lottery - Benefits and Online Registration

Green Card is an identification document issued by United State Government that confirms the bearer as the lawful permanent resident of United States.?

Benefits of US Green Card

A green card holder, being the permanent citizen of US, has all the rights to enjoy the benefits offered by US Government. Permanent immigrants are able to leave and enter US as and when they want without the risk of being denied for visa. They have right to apply for the financial aid for education, sponsored by US Government.?

Students with permanent immigration status have to pay three or four times less tuition fee than the foreigners pay for the US colleges and universities. They have more job opportunities as they are permitted to work in any company located in US. They have permission to start their own business. They have almost all the legal rights under US law, which are available to US citizens, except for the right to vote.?

The rights described above are not even half of the number of benefits, a green card holder enjoys at US. This is the reason, most of the foreign nationals working or studying in US dream to attain permanent immigration status. Moreover, people who have never been to America, also dream to get a job there first and then green card, in order to become permanent US resident.?

US Green Card Lottery

US Government has provided foreign nationals with the easiest way to get permanent immigration, i.e. Green Card lottery. The US Green Card lottery is also known as Diversity (DV) lottery. DV lottery makes visa available to approximately 50,000 immigrants through the lottery. This visa allows them and their families to stay and work in US on the permanent basis.?

This is an official US Government program approved by US congress. With the participation in DV lottery program, your chances to live and work in US get increased, as every year almost 50,000 people and their families win the lottery and become permanent US residents.?

In order to participate in DV lottery, you need to register online only. This is the only way to get register, but the form and all explanations are only available in English and you have only a very short time to finish filling the entire form, Usafis offers assistance with that, they have an online systems that assist you at every step as well as professional costumer service team that will help you over the phone. Usafis system lets you know about the application requirements. This way they help you in completing the error free application to apply for green card lottery. Moreover, they provide you with the facility of eligibility test so that you can decide on your own, whether you can apply for the DV lottery or not. Their ultimate goal is to avoid the risk of the application disqualification.

Green Card Lottery Online Application Services. Enter US Green Card Lottery program online to win a US visa with USAFIS. For more information please visit us at: https://www.usafis.org

US Green Card - Giving Wings to Your Aspirations

Getting a United States Green Card is a dream of many people nowadays. Due to the enormous benefits attached to a Green Card, people from all over the world try to get one. For people with certain types of professional skills or experience, having a Green Card can do wonders. Getting US Green Card is an achievement in itself. It opens up several doors to success and new opportunities to grow further in life.

Benefits of US?Green Card
It provides permanent resident status to holders. They are eligible for several benefits being offered by Unites States government. Some of the salient benefits are as following:

Permanent Resident Status - With a Green Card, a person get permanent resident status of United States. That means he can live in any of the 50 states of unites states. He will be authorized to work or do business, anywhere in United States. As a permanent immigrant he will be eligible for employment by any of the employers in United States. They can enter or leave United States without any worried of VISA or expiration of authorized stay in United States.?

Social Benefits - A permanent immigrant holder is entitled to all social benefits being provided to US citizens. Social Benefits attached with a permanent resident status includes educational facilities, medical and health benefits, taxation, social security benefits (after working for more than 10 years in US) and Insurance benefits. Green Card holders can legally own movable (vehicles or firearms etc.) and immovable properties (irrigational or commercial land, and residential or commercial properties) in United States.?

Educational and Research Benefits - Permanent immigrants have right to apply for financial aid offered by US Government for Education and Research. Students with Green Card (permanent immigrant status) have to pay lesser fees in school, college and universities than foreigner students from other countries.?

Sponsorship - A Green Card holder can sponsor his/her spouse and unmarried/minor children below 21 years for permanent immigrant status.?

Permanent immigrant status provides you all the rights of an US Citizen except the right to vote. By using all rights and attached benefits, a person can push himself/herself on the heights of success. It is the guarantee to the best education facilities and professional growth. In addition, it authorizes you with permanent immigrant status of the world's strongest republic.

Green Card Lottery Online Application Services. Enter US Green Card Lottery program online to win a US visa with USAFIS. For more information, please visit us at: https://www.usafis.org.

Beginners Guide to United States Diversity Lottery Program

Getting a United States Green Card is almost like a dream for all Non-Americans looking for a better place to live and work to shape up their future. Getting a Permanent Immigrant Status in United States has several advantages. To avail those benefits of having Permanent Immigrant Status in United States, millions of people apply every year through various ways.

Diversity Lottery (DV Lottery) is among one of the most popular ways of applying for permanent immigration status in United States. The process is a bit time taking than other traditional ways. But, it requires very less documentation and proofs at the time of applying. The simple process of application attracts people towards diversity lottery program.

There are several agencies assisting people for diversity lottery. These agencies make application process easier for people by providing all types of help and guidance. Although, one can apply for a Green Card through DV Lottery program without taking help from any such mediator agencies.

The Green Card lottery, officially known as "Diversity Immigrant Visa Program" offers 55,000 green cards every year to Non-Americans interested in getting Permanent Immigrant Status in United States. There is no application fee, if you choose to apply on your own. However, if you want less obstruction and problems in application process, you can seek services of non-governmental agencies that help people in getting Green Card through diversity lottery program. They charge a nominal fee for their services, but the ease and convenience of application is worth paying them processing fee.

Diversity Immigrant Visa Program is a two years process.?Recently the result of DV Lottery for year 2007 has been announced. That means, results of this year application will be declared in 2011. Interested people can register to Diversity Immigrant Visa Program from Oct. 1, 2009. If you are willing to get Permanent Immigrant Status in United States, then diversity lottery program can be the most ideal way of registration. From millions of applications, Department of State (DOS) randomly selects approximately 110,000 applications for final consideration in Green Card lottery program.

Therefore, to increase your chances of getting a Green Card, it is better to apply as early as possible. Once again, remember that Department of State will start accepting applications for diversity lottery program from 1st of October, 2009. So, be prepared according to the prerequisites. You can also take services of non governmental agencies for stress free application.

Green Card Lottery Online Application Services. Enter US Green Card Lottery program online to win a US visa with USAFIS. For more information please visit us at: https://www.usafis.org